What is the term for placing a file at a 90-degree angle to metal and pushing or pulling?

The term for placing a file at a 90-degree angle to the metal and then pushing or pulling is known as draw filing. This technique involves using the file in a manner that effectively smooths and shapes the material by moving the file horizontally along the metal surface. Unlike other filing techniques, draw filing allows for greater control and results in a finer finish, which is particularly useful when working with softer metals or when precise dimensions are essential.

In contrast, cross filing typically refers to using the file at an angle to the surface to remove material more aggressively, while file cutting is a more general term that does not specify the orientation or technique of filing. Edge filing, on the other hand, involves filing along the edge of a piece and is not specifically related to the 90-degree application described in the question. This distinction in techniques is vital for understanding mechanical and agricultural applications where finishing and shaping metal components are required.